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Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines is a World Heritage Site in the state of Guanajuato, in central Mexico. The town was "built by silver". Guanajuato was established by the Spanish in the 1540s when gold was discovered in the area. Although being attacked repeatedly by the local Chichimeca Indians, the town - then called Santa Fe Real de Minas de Guanajuato - grew rapidly with an influx of Spanish as well as Creole miners and their laborers.
View of Guanajuato with the Basilica of Guanajuato
Author: AlejandroLinaresGarcia (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported)
The gold deposits of Guanajuato was soon eclipsed by the discovery of silver, in such vast quantity, that by the 18th century, Guanajuato became the leading silver mine of the world. The great wealth flowing out from the mines made Guanajuato the richest city in Mexico, and this is reflected in its colonial architecture, with some of the finest Baroque and Churrigueresque buildings in the New World.
Despite the great wealth, the working class of Guanajuato remained poor and oppressed. As a result, there was a revolt in the 18th century, where the poor miners attack the Caja Real, the Crown Treasury.
Plaza de la Paz, Guanajuato, Mexico
Author: Mitrak (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported)
Today Guanajuato is a major tourist destination in Mexico. In addition to its fine colonial buildings, it also has sights related to its mining past. One of them is Boca del Inferno, a mineshaft that goes down to a depth of 600 meters.
Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines was inscribed as a World Heritage Site during the 12th session of the World Heritage Committee
Teatro Juarez, Guanajuato
Author: Pedro Sánchez (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported)
World Heritage Site Inscription Details
Location: N21 1 0.984 W101 15 20.016 in the municipality and state of Guanajuato.Inscription Year: 1988
Type of Site: Cultural
Inscription Criteria: I, II, IV, VI
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