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Hospicio Cabañas is one of the oldest and largest hospital complexes in Spanish America. Located in Guadalajara, it is today recognized as a World Heritage Site.
Hospicio Cabañas was founded by the Bishop of Guadalajara as a place to care for the disadvantaged, among them the destitute, the aged, the disabled and the chronic invalids. As such, it functioned not only as hospital, but also workshop, orphanage and almshouse. The Hospicio Cabañas was named in honor of its founder, Bishop Juan Ruiz de Cabañas. It was designed by Manuel Tolsá, a famous architect from Mexico City.
Tolsa modelled Hospicio Cabañas after Les Invalides of Paris and El Escorial near Madrid. The complex introduced several unusual features which were designed specially to cater to the needs of the occupants.
Hospicio Cabañas, Guadalajara, Mexico
Author: Patrick.denizet (Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5 Generic)
Hospicio Cabañas went through a series of rough times in its long history. Before it was completed, the construction was interrupted by the War of Independence. During that time, the unfinished building was used as barracks and stables. In 1853, the complex was expropriated from the church by law. However, due to the generosity of private donors, the hospital was able to continue its work.
In the 1930s, the state government of Jalisco commissioned its most distinguished artist, José Clemente Orozco, to decorate the interior of Hospicio Cabañas. The result are some of the most outstanding murals in Guadalajara that represent the multi-ethnic character of the Mexican society.
Man of Fire Mural (Hombre de Fuego) by José Clemente Orozco in Hospicio Cabañas
Author: Okc (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported)
Hospicio Cabañas was inscribed as a World Heritage Site during the 21st session of the World Heritage Committee in Naples, Italy, 1 - 6 December, 1997.
World Heritage Site Inscription Details
Location: N20 40 26 W103 20 23 in the municipality of Jalisco, in the state of Guadalajara, in Mexico.Inscription Year: 1997
Type of Site: Cultural
Inscription Criteria: I, II, III, IV
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