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Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape is a World Heritage Site covering 121,967 hectares of pastureland straddling the banks of the Orkhon River in Mongolia. The area holds important archaeological sites that dates back to the 6th century.
The Orkhon Valley is located about 360 km to the west of Ulaanbaatar. It is from here that the great Mongol rulers originate. According to runic inscriptions found in the area, as early as the 8th century, a warrior named Bilge Khan had established an empire called the Göktürk Empire. Subsequent generation of warriors have sprang from this valley including Genghis Khan who in the 13th century created a vast empire across Eurasia.
A yurt in Orkhon Valley, Mongolia
Author: P.Lechien (Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication)
The Mongolian grassland of the Orkhon Valley supports a pastorial lifestyle, creating nomadic groups that exists to this day. The valley demonstrates the strength of the nomadic culture which led to the development of trade routes and the creation of administrative, commercial, military and religious centers.
The harsh climate of Mongolia, with the ever-present scarcity of water over huge areas of pasture and desert wasteland, forces a nomadic pastorial lifestyle, making shepherding and the raising of lifestock a part of the Mongolian culture.
Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape was inscribed as a World Heritage Site during the 28th session of the World Heritage Committee in Suzhou, China, 28 June - 7 July, 2004.
Orkhon River, Mongolia
Author: Brücke-Osteuropa (public domain)
World Heritage Site Inscription Details
Location: N47 33 24 E102 49 53 in the Orkhon-Kharkorin RegionInscription Year: 2004
Type of Site: Cultural
Inscription Criteria: II, III, IV
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